The status of Armenian in the family that is indo-European of stays obscure. Few fact is specific, and the ones conclusions which may have an atmosphere of certainty about them tend to be of a rather nature that is general. The reality that some propose Armenia to function as the homeland for the initial speakers of Proto-Indo-European would lead someone to hope that Armenian represents the language of these speakers whom failed to migrate into other areas, but unfortunately this appears not likely. Many suppose the speakers of Armenian to possess arrived at the location through the western, supplanting the culture that is urartuan encountered. The language that is armenian to have encountered a few changes amongst the time of arrival in to the transcaucasian region and also the innovation regarding the alphabet in the 5th century A.D., but regrettably documentary proof for the language during this time period is lacking. The language is recorded, roughly forty percent of the lexicon consisted of borrowings from other languages, the phonological system had changed to resemble several features of the Caucasian languages, and the morphological system had developed as well, though less drastically than the lexicon and phonological system by the time. The alterations in consonants from Proto-Indo-European to Armenian are typified by the after:
In addition, there clearly was a strong anxiety on the Proto-Armenian penultimate syllable, which resulted in the increased loss of any last vowel, and caused /i/ and /u/ in order to get to be the schwa in unaccented syllables.
Scholars generally think Greek, Iranian, and Phrygian to experienced probably the most influence that is linguistic Armenian. The particular nature of Phrygian impact, nonetheless, is ready to accept debate that is much associated with language’s scanty attestation. The influence for the languages that are remaining to possess been mainly by means of borrowings. Many terms of an ecclesiastical nature had been adopted from Greek, also from Syriac, the language which formed the medium associated with liturgy in Armenia for quite a while. But undoubtedly the best quantity of borrowings result from Iranian. Some borrowings date alt.com back once again to the Achaemenid period (ca. 550-330 B.C.), but Armenian felt the influence that is largest in the Arsacid period (ca. 53-428 A.D.). The loans may be traced to your north-eastern dialect by the current presence of linguistic characteristics for instance the presence of /rd/ rather than /l/ ( ag e.g. Supply. vard ‘rose’ when compared with MPers. gul ‘flower’), and /z/ in place of /d/ ( ag e.g. Supply. yazem ‘I adore’ in comparison to MPers. yad-).
Documents
The earliest documents in Armenian, dating back to into the invention regarding the alphabet into the 5th century A.D., are of the nature that is primarily ecclesiastic. Presumably the Bible had been the very first text to be translated, followed closely by a great many other Greek and Syriac texts. Secular product, too, had been translated, including numerous functions Aristotle and Neoplatonists such as for example Prophyry, Probus, and Diodorus. There was also a translation that is armenian of grammatical treatise of Dionysius Thrax. Some works have actually survived just through their Armenian translations, like the Commentaries from the Benediction of Moses by Hippolytus, the part that is first of Chronicle of Eusebius, additionally the Romance of Alexander the Great by Pseudo-Callisthenes. quickly texts that are native composed, mainly on historical and spiritual issues, including the reputation for the Conversion of Armenia by Gregory the Illuminator, by AgatКїangelos , a biography of MaЕЎtocКї by Koriwn , and Against the Sects, by Eznik of KoЕ‚b .
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